Is BV an STD?
Let’s Clear Up the Confusion

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) often get lumped together—but they’re not the same thing.

It’s easy to see why people assume BV is an STI. It causes changes in vaginal bacteria, sometimes leading to unusual discharge or a strong, fishy vaginal odor. And while sex can play a role in BV’s development, you can also get BV without being sexually active.

Understanding what BV is (and what it isn’t) can help you make more confident choices about your health. BV is common, treatable, and nothing to be ashamed of. Here’s everything you need to know.

What is Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)?

If something feels off down there—like a sudden change in your vaginal discharge or an unexpected smell—you could be dealing with a case of BV.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common vaginal infections among people of reproductive age, yet it’s still widely misunderstood.

Here’s the deal: BV happens when the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina shifts, allowing certain (not-so-good) bacteria to overgrow. Instead of your usual healthy mix of microbes, one type starts taking over, throwing off your vaginal pH and leading to noticeable changes. Some people experience a fishy smell, thinner discharge, or mild irritation, while others have no symptoms at all.

BV isn’t new, and it’s not typically harmful—but it is a sign that your vaginal ecosystem needs a little support.

Why Does BV Happen?

BV symptoms can either be obvious or barely noticeable. Some people only realize something’s different when a partner mentions an unusual smell, while others feel a change right away.

Common signs include:

• A thin, grayish-white, or watery discharge
• A strong, fishy odor (especially after sex)
• Mild irritation or a dry, uncomfortable feeling

Since BV can sometimes be mistaken for a yeast infection, paying attention to these clues is super important. If something feels off, checking in with a provider (or using an at-home test) can help you get the right treatment faster—so you can get back to feeling good in your body.

Recognizing the Signs

Your vagina is a self-sustaining ecosystem. When everything is balanced, good bacteria help maintain the right amounts of acidity and can help negate the overgrowth of those unwanted microbes. But daily habits, hormonal changes, or even sex can shake things up, giving BV an opportunity to develop.

Some common triggers include:

• Using scented soaps or douching (your vagina cleans itself—promise!)
• Wearing tight, non-breathable underwear that traps moisture
• Hormonal shifts (hello, birth control or pregnancy)
• A new or multiple sex partners (though BV isn’t an STI)

While BV isn’t something you “catch” from someone else, sex can play a role in disrupting your natural flora. The good news? You can restore balance with the right treatment and a little extra care for your vaginal health.

What Causes BV?

Your vagina is home to a carefully balanced mix of bacteria that helps keep things healthy and slightly acidic. But when that balance is disrupted, certain bacteria can overgrow, leading to BV.

Some common culprits? Douching, using scented soaps or personal care products, and even wearing tight, non-breathable underwear. While these things might seem harmless (or even like good hygiene), they can actually wash away the good bacteria that keep your microbiome in check, making it easier for unwanted bacteria to take over.

Your Vaginal Ecosystem

Think of your vagina like it’s an aquarium. When the water is clean and balanced, the fish thrive. But if you change the water’s chemistry—maybe by adding chemicals or neglecting regular maintenance—certain bacteria or algae can overgrow, throwing the whole environment off. BV works the same way.

Your vaginal flora wants to stay balanced, but things like heavily perfumed washes, wipes, and sprays can wipe out the good bacteria, giving the wrong bacteria an opportunity to multiply.

Even something as simple as your choice of underwear can play a role—breathable cotton helps maintain a stable environment, while synthetic fabrics trap moisture and warmth, which can encourage bacterial overgrowth.

Common BV Triggers

A few key factors can increase the chances of developing BV:

• Antibiotic use – Taking antibiotics for other infections can wipe out the good bacteria in your vagina, just like they do in your gut.
• Sexual activity – BV isn’t an STI, but a new sex partner can introduce different bacteria that disrupt your natural balance.
• Stress – High-stress levels can weaken your immune system, making it harder for your body to keep bacteria in check.
• Hormonal changes – Birth control, pregnancy, and even your menstrual cycle can shift your hormone levels enough to make the conditions more favorable for BV.
  

Is BV an STD or STI?

Whether BV counts as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) is a common question—especially since BV often shows up after sex or a new partner.

But here’s the deal: BV isn’t an STI or an STD (sexually transmitted disease). It’s just a bacterial imbalance, not an infection passed from person to person, like gonorrhea or chlamydia.

That said, sexual activity can play a role in triggering BV. It’s not about “catching” BV from someone else—it’s more like introducing a new ingredient into a recipe and noticing the flavor shift. Your vaginal flora is naturally balanced, and things like bodily fluids, new bacteria, or even certain products (like flavored condoms or scented lubes) can mix things up.

Why the Confusion?

BV tends to pop up around changes in your sex life, which can make it feel like an STI. Maybe you’ve started seeing a new partner or had sex after a long dry spell, and suddenly, something feels off. That’s just because the different bacteria—whether from a partner’s body or even your own hormonal shifts—can disrupt your vaginal balance.

Another reason for the confusion? The symptoms.

BV can cause unusual discharge and a fishy odor, which can be similar to some STIs. That’s why a lot of people (understandably) head straight for STI testing when they notice a change. And honestly? That’s never a bad idea. Regular STI testing is a great way to stay on top of your sexual health and be proactive about managing symptoms.

Sex, BV, and Your pH Balance

While BV isn’t an STI, certain sexual habits can make it more likely to develop:

• New or multiple partners – Different bacteria = potential imbalances.
• Unprotected sex – Semen has a different pH than your vagina, which can throw things off.
• Scented lubes & condoms – Fun? Yes. Vaginal-friendly? Not always. Artificial fragrances can be irritating.
• Oral sex & toy use – Anything that introduces new bacteria can affect your vaginal microbiome.
  

BV Symptoms

BV can be sneaky—sometimes, the symptoms are obvious, and other times, they barely register. The most common sign? A thin, gray vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. You might notice the smell more after sex or during your period, or you may not notice any odor at all. Some people experience mild irritation, while others only spot subtle changes in their discharge during a routine exam.

No matter what, you know your body best. If something feels weird—even if it’s just a little extra wetness or an unusual consistency—it’s worth paying attention.

How to Tell If It’s BV (and Not a Yeast Infection)

Discharge can tell you a lot, but it doesn’t always make things crystal clear. Here’s a quick breakdown:

• BV – Thin, watery discharge, often with a fishy smell
• Yeast Infection – Thick, clumpy discharge (think cottage cheese) with vaginal itching

A strong odor can be a red flag (just like on a bad date), but it’s not the only clue. Pay attention to color, consistency, and when symptoms show up. If your discharge is extra watery or has changed in color, it might be time to check in with a provider.

When to Reach Out for Treatment

If something feels different—whether it’s a persistent odor, changes in discharge, or even just mild discomfort you can’t seem to shake—it’s worth getting it checked out. BV isn’t usually dangerous, but leaving it untreated can lead to complications, especially during pregnancy.

How is BV Diagnosed?

BV is one of those things that’s usually easy to spot—but getting an official diagnosis is still important. A healthcare provider will start by asking about your symptoms, like when they started, whether you’ve noticed a strong odor, and if you’re experiencing any discomfort. They might also ask about recent antibiotic use or new sexual partners since both can play a role in bacterial imbalances.

From there, they’ll likely do a quick pelvic exam to check for unusual discharge. In many cases, they’ll take a small sample and look at it under a microscope. If they see clue cells (vaginal cells coated with bacteria), that’s a strong sign of BV.

Your provider may also test your vaginal pH—if it’s elevated, that could be another clue. Don’t worry, though—this whole process is quick, simple, and not nearly as intimidating as it might sound.

What to Expect at Your Appointment

We get it—doctor’s visits about down-there symptoms can feel awkward. But the truth is, healthcare providers see this stuff all the time. They’re here to help, not judge. Whether you’re visiting a clinic or using a telehealth provider, expect some questions about your symptoms, hygiene habits, and any new products you’ve introduced (like scented soaps or lubes). These details help rule out other potential causes.

If a sample is collected, the provider may do a “whiff test” (yep, it’s exactly what it sounds like). Certain chemicals react with BV bacteria to create that classic fishy smell.

If BV is confirmed, you’ll get a treatment plan right away. Your provider will recommend the best course of action if your results suggest a different issue—like a yeast infection or an STI.

Why Self-Diagnosis Can Be Tricky

With so much info online, it’s tempting to diagnose yourself so you can move on. And while some over-the-counter products can help with yeast infections, they won’t treat BV. Using the wrong treatment can lead to lingering symptoms, unnecessary discomfort, and even an increased risk of recurring infections.

If you’ve tried home remedies but things still feel off, don’t hesitate to check in with a doc. Sometimes, symptoms overlap, and the only way to know for sure is with a professional diagnosis.

How to Treat BV: Your Best Options

If you’ve got BV, the good news is that it’s totally treatable. The go-to solution? Prescription antibiotics. Healthcare providers typically prescribe metronidazole (as a pill or gel) or clindamycin (often a cream). These prescription medications work by managing the overgrowth of bacteria that’s throwing off your vaginal balance. Most people start noticing improvements—less odor, more normal discharge—within a week.

Antibiotics and Other Prescription Medications

You’ve got options when it comes to how you take antibiotics for BV. Some people prefer a pill—quick, easy, and done. Others like a gel (like metronidazole) or cream, which is a little messier but delivers the medication directly where it’s needed and won’t mess with your gut. Either way, consistency is everything—stick to your provider's treatment plan for the best results.

The key? Take your full course of antibiotics. Non-negotiable! Even if your symptoms clear up early, stopping too soon can let the bacteria make a sly comeback. If you experience side effects, let your provider know—there may be alternative medications or doses that work better for you.

After your course, you may want to add probiotics to your routine to help replenish good bacteria. Think of it like replanting your garden after pulling weeds—it can help maintain balance, though it’s not a guaranteed fix for everyone.

Alternative Approaches

If you’ve searched online, you’ve probably seen people talk about boric acid suppositories for BV. While they can be helpful for some, they aren’t a substitute for antibiotics—and they aren’t for everyone. If you’re thinking about trying them, talk to a provider first to make sure they’re safe for you.

How to Keep BV Away

BV can be annoying because it likes to return where it's not wanted. Once you’ve had it, there’s a higher chance it’ll reoccur.

However, you’ve got plenty of ways to help keep it from coming back. The key is supporting your body’s natural balance—and that starts with gentle care, breathable fabrics, and smart sexual health habits.

Hygiene Habits That Help (Not Hurt)

Your vagina is self-cleaning (yep, it’s got that covered), so when it comes to hygiene, less is more. Harsh soaps and scented washes can strip away the good bacteria that help maintain balance, making room for BV to take over. Instead:

• Stick to mild, unscented soaps—or just warm water—for external cleansing.
• Skip douching—it can throw off your pH and make things worse.
• Be mindful of perfumed sprays or powders, which can cause irritation.

Want to give your body a little extra support? Some people find that daily probiotics and a balanced diet help keep their vaginal microbiome happy. Staying hydrated and eating nutrient-rich foods can also boost your immune system, making it easier to fight off imbalances.

Underwear and Clothing

Your vaginal health loves airflow. Trapped moisture creates the perfect breeding ground for unwanted bacteria, so keep things cool and dry by:

• Wearing breathable fabrics like cotton underwear.
• Avoiding tight, synthetic fabrics for long periods.
• Changing out of sweaty workout gear or damp swimsuits ASAP.
  

Sex and BV

BV isn’t an STI, but sex can sometimes throw off your vaginal balance. If you notice symptoms popping up after sex, consider:

• Using protection—latex condoms and dental dams can reduce bacterial transfer.
• Cleaning your lube & toys—fragranced lubes or unwashed toys might be irritating your vagina.
• Communicating with your partner(s)—if you’re noticing a pattern, it’s worth a conversation.
  

Living with BV

Even though none of it’s pleasant, getting a BV diagnosis can actually feel like a relief—finally, an answer to those frustrating symptoms.

Plus, even when you’re dealing with it, BV doesn’t have to take over your life. Learning what triggers it and having a plan for how you handle it can make all the difference.

Managing Day-to-Day

A few simple habits can help keep BV in check:

• Pay attention to your body. Noticing changes in discharge, odor, or irritation can help you spot patterns. If symptoms pop up after switching soaps or wearing tight leggings for too long, making small changes might help.
• Choose gentle products. Unscented laundry detergents, breathable fabrics, and mild cleansers can help protect your vaginal balance.
• Manage stress. Your body and mind are connected—chronic stress can throw off your health in ways you wouldn’t expect. Whether it’s yoga, journaling, or just taking a walk, stress relief is a form of self-care.
  

BV and Your Mental Health

BV is super common, but it’s not always talked about—and that can make it feel isolating. If you’re struggling with self-consciousness, remember:

• BV is not an STI. It’s a bacterial imbalance, not something you "catch" from someone.
• You’re not doing anything wrong. BV isn’t about cleanliness or bad habits—it’s just your body reacting to an imbalance.
• Talking about it helps. Whether it’s a partner, a friend, or an online community, opening up can make BV feel way less stressful.
  

BV: Knowledge, Treatment, and Feeling Your Best

Taking care of your vaginal health starts with knowledge and having access to the care you deserve. BV isn’t an infection you "catch"—it’s simply a shift in bacterial balance. The good news? It’s totally treatable. Spotting symptoms early, paying attention to changes in discharge or odor, and seeking care when needed can make a big difference in how you feel.

A simple, supportive routine—like wearing breathable fabrics, using gentle cleansers, and managing stress—helps create an environment where good bacteria can thrive. And if BV does show up? Wisp makes treatment easy, judgment-free, and on your terms.

BV is treatable, and Wisp makes it easy. No awkward appointments, no waiting rooms—just discreet, affordable treatment that meets you where you are. Because taking care of your sexual health should be simple, stress-free, and shame-free.

Wisp treatment options are available only after consultation with a licensed medical professional. You should consult with your healthcare provider before starting a new supplement or treatment regimen. Individual results may vary.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ):

Does having BV mean you have an STD?

Nope! BV is not an STI. It happens when vaginal bacteria become unbalanced, and while sex can be a factor, BV isn’t something you "catch" from a partner.

Can a girl give BV to a man?

Men don’t get BV, but sex can influence your vaginal balance. If you’re noticing a pattern after intimacy, a healthcare provider can help you find ways to reduce the risk of recurrence.

How did I get bacterial vaginosis?

BV can happen for a lot of reasons—new or multiple sexual partners, douching, using scented products, or even just a change in your body’s natural chemistry. It’s not about hygiene; it’s about bacterial balance.

Why does my boyfriend keep giving me BV?

Your partner isn’t "giving" you BV, but sex can disrupt vaginal bacteria, especially if there are changes in condoms, lubricants, or semen exposure. If BV keeps returning, a provider can help you explore options to keep it in check.